THERMOHYDRODYNAMIC PROBLEMS AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT NUCLEAR POWER ENGINEERING IN UKRAINE.

 

Domashev E.D. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine,

 

The creation of a national normative basis of the safety of nuclear energetics is one of the most responsible problems. In view of certain objective circumstances, in the nearest years, it is impossible to develop Ukrainian thermohydrodynamic codes (THD-codes), similar to the Western codes of improved estimation for foreign reactors which differing from the VVER. Hence, it is necessary to substantiate the application of the Western codes for the analysis of VVER safety and to attest these codes,

Since calculation programs for the VVER developed in Russia were not attested, their further improvement has no sense, if along with calculational substantiation; all-sided experimental investigations are not carried out.

In the present paper, we give a description of the IET thermal-hydrodynamic stand and other stands, existing in Ukraine, and analyze the problems that could be solvers on them as applied to the substantiation of the NPP safety.

We show the necessity to organize a National scientific and technical program for the accompaniment of operation and development of nuclear power engineering,

Along with current problems of safe operation of atomic power plants, basic problems, connected with the study of possible hypothetical accidents with fusion of the fuel core and vapour explosion, are grounded. Strategic problems of prolongation of the term of safe operation of reactors, working off their resource, and certainly safe substituting reactors of the future are also considered, as applied to the conditions of post-Chernobyl Ukraine.

Basic problems of the world power industry are considered and analyzed. The crisis in nuclear power industry is related to using the uranium-plutonium fuel cycle” The possibility of development of Ukrainian nuclear power industry on the basis of ship's technologies with reactors, using fuel cycles without conversion of plutonium, with further assimilation of the uranium-thorium fuel cycle, is grounded. The expediency of under-ground reactor siting is shown, which guarantees safety of future nuclear power plants.